There are many reasons why India could achieve only limited modernity. One reason being institutes of higher education remain elitist, they train in areas which were good but more relevant to advance country with the result that their most of graduates ended up serving abroad rather than this land.
The other being total neglect of primary education. Only private schools provided some reasonable standard but they remain unaffordable for common people.
Thus we end-up in a paradoxical situation where B.Tech go unemployed but workers lack necessary skills that can enable to get them jobs.
The issue of what needs to be done is complex.
Two recent articles one by Arvind Kejriwal and other by Milind Sohoni do provide a good indication as to what can be done.